Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, ♦ can be longer
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♣ or 5+♣ & 4♦/♥/♠

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ MINIMUM is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ MAXIMUM is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ (semi)Balanced – 5♥332, 5♥422
→ Trump-oriented 1-suiter – 6♥322, 6♥331,7♥222,7♥321
→ Trump-oriented 2-suiter – 5♥431, 5♥5m, 6♥4x
→ Goulash – 7♥4x, 6♥5m, 5♥6m or better – ≤4 TL must bid differently

Strength of (semi)balanced:
⇒ MINIMUM is 11-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ EXTRA is 15-17 HCP or 4-4.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 5 losers with honors
⇒ MAXIMUM is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

Strength of Trump-oriented hands:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ MINIMUM is 11-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT

Description of the opening
→ Balanced – minimum or maximum of the opening, 4-5♦
→ Trump-oriented hand – 6+♦ or 5+♦ & 4+♣/4♥/4♠, rarely 4♦5♣

With NT-oriented hand – (semi)balanced:
⇒ minimum is 12-14 HCP or 3-3.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover a maximum of 4 losers with honors
⇒ maximum is 18-19(20) HCP or 5-5.75 EHT, it has a chance to cover maximum of 6 losers with honors

With trump-oriented hand – semi/un-balanced/goulash:
⇒ minimum is 7 TL – 3 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with honors is 6 TL – 4 UH + 3 LT
⇒ extra with distribution is 6 TL – 3 UH + 4 LT
⇒ maximum with honors is ≤5 TL – 5 UH + 3+ LT
⇒ maximum with distribution is ≤5 TL – 4 UH + 4+LT